The Universalism of Logic in Stephen Langton’s Analysis of the Blessing Given to Jacob

In this talk, I illustrate the universalism of logic using the example of Stephen Langton's (†1228) exegesis presented in his theological question 103. This text refers to the biblical story of Isaac blessing his son Jacob, who pretended to be his brother, Esau . I present the universalism of logic understood as its broad applicability and effectiveness. I argue that logic is very useful even in analyzing biblical exegesis. Langton's exegesis benefits from logical knowledge on different levels. One of them is the application of a semiotic theory to formulate a solution to the problem of the validity of Isaac's blessing. Above all, Langton distinguishes between a discrete and a vague (or simple) use of the pronoun “you.” Notably, Langton's analysis of various speech acts in terms of his semiotic (or pragmatic) theory is also a basis to formulate the conditions of happiness of the act of blessing (understood in the theological context), which shows that logic can be not only broadly applicable, but also effective. Finally, question 103 proves that logic is universal also in a different way, namely: it can provide solutions which are acceptable for representatives of different traditions.