Active Manifold and Model Order Reduction to Accelerate Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization

Two examples will be focused on to provide a spectrum of possibilities. Starting with the disadvantages, these methods are not as popular due to the high entry bar. A deep understanding of physics and computational modeling is required, along with awareness of limitations. One cannot simply download software for model reductions or simplified physics and expect immediate results. However, research is about pushing boundaries and advancing technology for future improvements.

On the other hand, the advantages are significant. By building a surrogate model of the system rather than the output, one can explore numerous quantities of interest without prior knowledge. This allows for easy exploration of parameter domains, especially in parametric applications like NBO. Spatial-temporal fields, including vector fields, can be effectively analyzed using this approach.

To illustrate, consider the example of parachute designs for landing Perseverance on Mars. Despite extensive testing, both the disc sail parachute and the ring sail parachute failed at lower forces than expected. This discrepancy may be attributed to the fact that the parachutes were tested in a subsonic wind tunnel, highlighting the importance of understanding the limitations of testing environments.