Varying Newton Gravitational “Constant” Cosmology

Further research on fluctuations of the gravitational constant (G) can be conducted through various experimental and observational methods. In terrestrial laboratories, advanced Cavendish-type experiments with enhanced accuracy, along with Earth-based gravitational wave detectors such as LIGO and Virgo, can be utilized.

In space, advanced telescopes like the James Webb Space Telescope can observe the first galaxies in the universe, while the Euclid mission will map the distribution of dark matter and dark energy. Additionally, the advent of gravitational wave astronomy will enable exploration of G fluctuations using the LISA gravitational wave detector and Pulsar timing arrays, which have recently highlighted the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background.

There is also potential for new experiments to measure G by comparing advanced atomic clocks situated in space and on Earth. However, the precision of current atomic clocks is still inadequate to challenge G measurements obtained through traditional Cavendish balances.